| 訂單號組成項 | 保留字段 | 毫秒級時間差 | 機器數 | 用戶編號(表編號) | 自增序列 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 所占字節(單位bit) | 1 | 39 | 8 | 8 | 8 |
單機最大QPS: 256000 使用壽命: 17年
| 項 | 版本 | 備注 |
|---|---|---|
| SpringBoot | 2.1.10.RELEASE | |
| Mango | 1.6.16 | wiki地址:https://github.com/jfaster/mango |
| HikariCP | 3.2.0 | |
| Mysql | 5.7 | 測試使用docker一鍵搭建 |
進入mysql:
#主庫 mysql -h 172.30.1.21 -uroot -pbytearch #從庫 mysql -h 172.30.1.31 -uroot -pbytearch
進入容器
#主 docker exec -it db_1_master /bin/bash #從 docker exec -it db_1_slave /bin/bash
查看運行狀態
#主 docker exec db_1_master sh -c 'mysql -u root -pbytearch -e "SHOW MASTER STATUS \G"' #從 docker exec db_1_slave sh -c 'mysql -u root -pbytearch -e "SHOW SLAVE STATUS \G"'
(1)在mysql master實例分別建庫
172.30.1.21( o rder_db_ 1) , 172.30.1.22( order_db_2) ,
172.30.1.23( ord er_db_3) , 172.30.1.24( order_db_4 )
(2)依次導入建表SQL 命令為
mysql -uroot -pbytearch -h172.30.1.21 order_db_1fast-cloud-mysql-sharding/doc/sql/order_db_1.sql; mysql -uroot -pbytearch -h172.30.1.22 order_db_2fast-cloud-mysql-sharding/doc/sql/order_db_2.sql; mysql -uroot -pbytearch -h172.30.1.23 order_db_3fast-cloud-mysql-sharding/doc/sql/order_db_3.sql; mysql -uroot -pbytearch -h172.30.1.24 order_db_4fast-cloud-mysql-sharding/doc/sql/order_db_4.sql;
!-- mango 分庫分表中間件 -->
dependency>
groupId>org.jfaster/groupId>
artifactId>mango-spring-boot-starter/artifactId>
version>2.0.1/version>
/dependency>
!-- 分布式ID生成器 -->
dependency>
groupId>com.bytearch/groupId>
artifactId>fast-cloud-id-generator/artifactId>
version>${version}/version>
/dependency>
!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/mysql/mysql-connector-java -->
dependency>
groupId>mysql/groupId>
artifactId>mysql-connector-java/artifactId>
version>6.0.6/version>
/dependency>
package com.bytearch.fast.cloud.mysql.sharding.common;
/**
* 分庫分表策略常用常量
*/
public class ShardingStrategyConstant {
/**
* database 邏輯名稱 ,真實庫名為 order_db_XXX
*/
public static final String LOGIC_ORDER_DATABASE_NAME = "order_db";
/**
* 分表數 256,一旦確定不可更改
*/
public static final int SHARDING_TABLE_NUM = 256;
/**
* 分庫數, 不建議更改, 可以更改,但是需要DBA遷移數據
*/
public static final int SHARDING_DATABASE_NODE_NUM = 4;
}
4主4從數據庫配置, 這里僅測試默認使用root用戶密碼,生產環境不建議使用root用戶。
mango:
scan-package: com.bytearch.fast.cloud.mysql.sharding.dao
datasources:
- name: order_db_1
master:
driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
jdbc-url: jdbc:mysql://172.30.1.21:3306/order_db_1?useUnicode=truecharacterEncoding=utf8autoReconnect=truerewriteBatchedStateconnectTimeout=1000socketTimeout=5000useSSL=false
user-name: root
password: bytearch
maximum-pool-size: 10
connection-timeout: 3000
slaves:
- driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
jdbc-url: jdbc:mysql://172.30.1.31:3306/order_db_1?useUnicode=truecharacterEncoding=utf8autoReconnect=truerewriteBatchedStateconnectTimeout=1000socketTimeout=5000useSSL=false
user-name: root
password: bytearch
maximum-pool-size: 10
connection-timeout: 3000
- name: order_db_2
master:
driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
jdbc-url: jdbc:mysql://172.30.1.22:3306/order_db_2?useUnicode=truecharacterEncoding=utf8autoReconnect=truerewriteBatchedStateconnectTimeout=1000socketTimeout=5000useSSL=false
user-name: root
password: bytearch
maximum-pool-size: 10
connection-timeout: 3000
slaves:
- driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
jdbc-url: jdbc:mysql://172.30.1.32:3306/order_db_2?useUnicode=truecharacterEncoding=utf8autoReconnect=truerewriteBatchedStateconnectTimeout=1000socketTimeout=5000useSSL=false
user-name: root
password: bytearch
maximum-pool-size: 10
connection-timeout: 3000
- name: order_db_3
master:
driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
jdbc-url: jdbc:mysql://172.30.1.23:3306/order_db_3?useUnicode=truecharacterEncoding=utf8autoReconnect=truerewriteBatchedStateconnectTimeout=1000socketTimeout=5000useSSL=false
user-name: root
password: bytearch
maximum-pool-size: 10
connection-timeout: 3000
slaves:
- driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
jdbc-url: jdbc:mysql://172.30.1.33:3306/order_db_3?useUnicode=truecharacterEncoding=utf8autoReconnect=truerewriteBatchedStateconnectTimeout=1000socketTimeout=5000useSSL=false
user-name: root
password: bytearch
maximum-pool-size: 10
connection-timeout: 3000
- name: order_db_4
master:
driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
jdbc-url: jdbc:mysql://172.30.1.24:3306/order_db_4?useUnicode=truecharacterEncoding=utf8autoReconnect=truerewriteBatchedStateconnectTimeout=1000socketTimeout=5000useSSL=false
user-name: root
password: bytearch
maximum-pool-size: 10
connection-timeout: 3000
slaves:
- driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
jdbc-url: jdbc:mysql://172.30.1.34:3306/order_db_4?useUnicode=truecharacterEncoding=utf8autoReconnect=truerewriteBatchedStateconnectTimeout=1000socketTimeout=5000useSSL=false
user-name: root
password: bytearch
maximum-pool-size: 10
connection-timeout: 300
1). 根據order_id為shardKey分庫分表策略
package com.bytearch.fast.cloud.mysql.sharding.strategy;
import com.bytearch.fast.cloud.mysql.sharding.common.ShardingStrategyConstant;
import com.bytearch.id.generator.IdEntity;
import com.bytearch.id.generator.SeqIdUtil;
import org.jfaster.mango.sharding.ShardingStrategy;
/**
* 訂單號分庫分表策略
*/
public class OrderIdShardingStrategy implements ShardingStrategyLong, Long> {
@Override
public String getDataSourceFactoryName(Long orderId) {
if (orderId == null || orderId 0L) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("order_id is invalid!");
}
IdEntity idEntity = SeqIdUtil.decodeId(orderId);
if (idEntity.getExtraId() >= ShardingStrategyConstant.SHARDING_TABLE_NUM) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("sharding table Num is invalid, tableNum:" + idEntity.getExtraId());
}
//1. 計算步長
int step = ShardingStrategyConstant.SHARDING_TABLE_NUM / ShardingStrategyConstant.SHARDING_DATABASE_NODE_NUM;
//2. 計算出庫編號
long dbNo = Math.floorDiv(idEntity.getExtraId(), step) + 1;
//3. 返回數據源名
return String.format("%s_%s", ShardingStrategyConstant.LOGIC_ORDER_DATABASE_NAME, dbNo);
}
@Override
public String getTargetTable(String logicTableName, Long orderId) {
if (orderId == null || orderId 0L) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("order_id is invalid!");
}
IdEntity idEntity = SeqIdUtil.decodeId(orderId);
if (idEntity.getExtraId() >= ShardingStrategyConstant.SHARDING_TABLE_NUM) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("sharding table Num is invalid, tableNum:" + idEntity.getExtraId());
}
// 基于約定,真實表名為 logicTableName_XXX, XXX不足三位補0
return String.format("%s_%03d", logicTableName, idEntity.getExtraId());
}
}
2). 根據user_id 為shardKey分庫分表策略
package com.bytearch.fast.cloud.mysql.sharding.strategy;
import com.bytearch.fast.cloud.mysql.sharding.common.ShardingStrategyConstant;
import org.jfaster.mango.sharding.ShardingStrategy;
/**
* 指定分片KEY 分庫分表策略
*/
public class UserIdShardingStrategy implements ShardingStrategyInteger, Integer> {
@Override
public String getDataSourceFactoryName(Integer userId) {
//1. 計算步長 即單庫放得表數量
int step = ShardingStrategyConstant.SHARDING_TABLE_NUM / ShardingStrategyConstant.SHARDING_DATABASE_NODE_NUM;
//2. 計算出庫編號
long dbNo = Math.floorDiv(userId % ShardingStrategyConstant.SHARDING_TABLE_NUM, step) + 1;
//3. 返回數據源名
return String.format("%s_%s", ShardingStrategyConstant.LOGIC_ORDER_DATABASE_NAME, dbNo);
}
@Override
public String getTargetTable(String logicTableName, Integer userId) {
// 基于約定,真實表名為 logicTableName_XXX, XXX不足三位補0
return String.format("%s_%03d", logicTableName, userId % ShardingStrategyConstant.SHARDING_TABLE_NUM);
}
}
1). OrderPartitionByIdDao
package com.bytearch.fast.cloud.mysql.sharding.dao;
import com.bytearch.fast.cloud.mysql.sharding.common.ShardingStrategyConstant;
import com.bytearch.fast.cloud.mysql.sharding.pojo.entity.OrderEntity;
import com.bytearch.fast.cloud.mysql.sharding.strategy.OrderIdShardingStrategy;
import org.jfaster.mango.annotation.*;
@DB(name = ShardingStrategyConstant.LOGIC_ORDER_DATABASE_NAME, table = "order")
@Sharding(shardingStrategy = OrderIdShardingStrategy.class)
public interface OrderPartitionByIdDao {
@SQL("INSERT INTO #table (order_id, user_id, status, booking_date, create_time, update_time) VALUES" +
"(:orderId,:userId,:status,:bookingDate,:createTime,:updateTime)"
)
int insertOrder(@TableShardingBy("orderId") @DatabaseShardingBy("orderId") OrderEntity orderEntity);
@SQL("UPDATE #table set update_time = now()" +
"#if(:bookingDate != null),booking_date = :bookingDate #end " +
"#if (:status != null), status = :status #end" +
"WHERE order_id = :orderId"
)
int updateOrderByOrderId(@TableShardingBy("orderId") @DatabaseShardingBy("orderId") OrderEntity orderEntity);
@SQL("SELECT * FROM #table WHERE order_id = :1")
OrderEntity getOrderById(@TableShardingBy @DatabaseShardingBy Long orderId);
@SQL("SELECT * FROM #table WHERE order_id = :1")
@UseMaster
OrderEntity getOrderByIdFromMaster(@TableShardingBy @DatabaseShardingBy Long orderId);
@SpringBootTest(classes = {Application.class})
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
public class ShardingTest {
@Autowired
OrderPartitionByIdDao orderPartitionByIdDao;
@Autowired
OrderPartitionByUserIdDao orderPartitionByUserIdDao;
@Test
public void testCreateOrderRandom() {
for (int i = 0; i 20; i++) {
int userId = ThreadLocalRandom.current().nextInt(1000,1000000);
OrderEntity orderEntity = new OrderEntity();
orderEntity.setOrderId(SeqIdUtil.nextId(userId % ShardingStrategyConstant.SHARDING_TABLE_NUM));
orderEntity.setStatus(1);
orderEntity.setUserId(userId);
orderEntity.setCreateTime(new Date());
orderEntity.setUpdateTime(new Date());
orderEntity.setBookingDate(new Date());
int ret = orderPartitionByIdDao.insertOrder(orderEntity);
Assert.assertEquals(1, ret);
}
}
@Test
public void testOrderAll() {
//insert
int userId = ThreadLocalRandom.current().nextInt(1000,1000000);
OrderEntity orderEntity = new OrderEntity();
orderEntity.setOrderId(SeqIdUtil.nextId(userId % ShardingStrategyConstant.SHARDING_TABLE_NUM));
orderEntity.setStatus(1);
orderEntity.setUserId(userId);
orderEntity.setCreateTime(new Date());
orderEntity.setUpdateTime(new Date());
orderEntity.setBookingDate(new Date());
int i = orderPartitionByIdDao.insertOrder(orderEntity);
Assert.assertEquals(1, i);
//get from master
OrderEntity orderInfo = orderPartitionByIdDao.getOrderByIdFromMaster(orderEntity.getOrderId());
Assert.assertNotNull(orderInfo);
Assert.assertEquals(orderInfo.getOrderId(), orderEntity.getOrderId());
//get from slave
OrderEntity slaveOrderInfo = orderPartitionByIdDao.getOrderById(orderEntity.getOrderId());
Assert.assertNotNull(slaveOrderInfo);
//update
OrderEntity updateEntity = new OrderEntity();
updateEntity.setOrderId(orderInfo.getOrderId());
updateEntity.setStatus(2);
updateEntity.setUpdateTime(new Date());
int affectRows = orderPartitionByIdDao.updateOrderByOrderId(updateEntity);
Assert.assertTrue( affectRows > 0);
}
@Test
public void testGetListByUserId() {
int userId = ThreadLocalRandom.current().nextInt(1000,1000000);
for (int i = 0; i 5; i++) {
OrderEntity orderEntity = new OrderEntity();
orderEntity.setOrderId(SeqIdUtil.nextId(userId % ShardingStrategyConstant.SHARDING_TABLE_NUM));
orderEntity.setStatus(1);
orderEntity.setUserId(userId);
orderEntity.setCreateTime(new Date());
orderEntity.setUpdateTime(new Date());
orderEntity.setBookingDate(new Date());
orderPartitionByIdDao.insertOrder(orderEntity);
}
try {
//防止主從延遲引起的校驗錯誤
Thread.sleep(1000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
ListOrderEntity> orderListByUserId = orderPartitionByUserIdDao.getOrderListByUserId(userId);
Assert.assertNotNull(orderListByUserId);
Assert.assertTrue(orderListByUserId.size() == 5);
}
}
大功告成:

本篇主要介紹Java版使用Mango框架實現Mysql分庫分表實戰,分庫分表中間件也可以使用類似于ShardingJDBC,或者自研。
以上分庫分表數量僅供演示參考,實際工作中分表數量、分庫數量、是根據公司實際業務數據增長速度, 高峰期QPS,物理機器配置等等因素計算。
到此這篇關于淺談訂單重構之 MySQL 分庫分表實戰篇的文章就介紹到這了,更多相關MySQL 分庫分表內容請搜索腳本之家以前的文章或繼續瀏覽下面的相關文章希望大家以后多多支持腳本之家!