golang 的日期時(shí)間包：time 的使用方式。
- time package 包含了 time.Time 時(shí)間對(duì)象 及 構(gòu)建此時(shí)間對(duì)象的一些方法(time.Unix(), time.Parse())
- golang 可精確到 nanosecond，故相應(yīng)的函數(shù)返回值或參數(shù)都已納秒為單位，我們可以借助time.ParseDuration(durationString string)友好的生成納秒度量的時(shí)間跨度值
- golang 的時(shí)間格式串Layout固定為 2006-01-02 15:04:05
- golang 默認(rèn)使用 Local 即本地時(shí)區(qū)，可以通過(guò) time.LoadLocation(zoneName string) (*Location, error)來(lái)設(shè)定時(shí)區(qū)
時(shí)區(qū)構(gòu)建/格式化模式串
// 構(gòu)建時(shí)區(qū)
var timeLocation *time.Location
timeLocation, _ = time.LoadLocation("") //UTC
timeLocation, _ = time.LoadLocation("UTC") //UTC
timeLocation, _ = time.LoadLocation("Local") //Local
timeLocation, _ = time.LoadLocation("Asia/Shanghai") //使用時(shí)區(qū)碼
//golang的時(shí)間格式化pattern
var timeLayout = "2006-01-02 15:04:05"
當(dāng)前時(shí)間對(duì)象
// 獲取當(dāng)前時(shí)間對(duì)象
var timer time.Time
timer = time.Now()
// 為時(shí)間設(shè)定時(shí)區(qū) 可以通過(guò) timer.Local()/timer.UTC() 快速設(shè)定時(shí)區(qū)
timer.In(timeLocation)
獲取秒級(jí)時(shí)間戳/納秒級(jí)時(shí)間戳
// 獲取當(dāng)前秒級(jí)時(shí)間戳
var curTimestamp int64
curTimestamp = timer.Unix()
println("current timestamp:" + strconv.FormatInt(curTimestamp, 10))
// 獲取當(dāng)前納秒及時(shí)間戳 1秒=1000毫秒=1000,000微妙=1000,000,000納秒
var curNanoTimestamp int64
curNanoTimestamp = timer.UnixNano()
println("current nano timestamp:" + strconv.FormatInt(curNanoTimestamp, 10))
獲取本地時(shí)間的時(shí)區(qū)/CST標(biāo)準(zhǔn)時(shí)間/自定義格式
// 獲取本地時(shí)間的時(shí)區(qū)/快速獲取時(shí)區(qū)時(shí)間/自定義格式
timeZone, _ := timer.Zone()
fmt.Printf("time zone: %s\n", timeZone)
fmt.Printf("time location: %s\n", timer.Location())
fmt.Printf("time in local zone: %s\n", timer.Local().String())
fmt.Printf("time in utc zone: %s\n", timer.UTC().String())
fmt.Printf("time: %s\n", timer.String())
fmt.Printf("time formatted: %s\n", timer.Format("2006-01-02 15:04:05"))
獲取當(dāng)前的年/月/日 時(shí):分:秒 納秒
// 獲取當(dāng)前的年/月/日 時(shí):分:秒 納秒
fmt.Printf("current year: %d\n", timer.Year())
fmt.Printf("current month: %d %s\n", timer.Month(), timer.Month()) //返回的Month對(duì)象
fmt.Printf("current day: %d\n", timer.Day())
fmt.Printf("current hour: %d\n", timer.Hour())
fmt.Printf("current minute: %d\n", timer.Minute())
fmt.Printf("current second: %d\n", timer.Second())
fmt.Printf("current nanosecond: %d\n", timer.Nanosecond())
獲取當(dāng)前時(shí)間/日期
// 獲取當(dāng)前時(shí)間/日期
curHour, curMinute, curSecond := timer.Clock()
fmt.Printf("current clock: %d:%02d:%02d\n", curHour, curMinute, curSecond)
curYear, curMonth, curDay := timer.Date()
fmt.Printf("current date: %d-%02d-%02d\n", curYear, curMonth, curDay)
編輯時(shí)間/求兩個(gè)日期的時(shí)間差
time.ParseDuration(durationString string)可以方便我們使用語(yǔ)義構(gòu)建時(shí)間跨度值，數(shù)值單位為納秒，比如：
timeDuration, _ := time.ParseDuration("24h")
timeDuration, _ := time.ParseDuration("12m")
timeDuration, _ := time.ParseDuration("6s")
timeDuration, _ := time.ParseDuration("1ms")
timeDuration, _ := time.ParseDuration("1us")
timeDuration, _ := time.ParseDuration("1ns")
// 已當(dāng)前時(shí)間為基增長(zhǎng)年/月/日后的時(shí)間對(duì)象
timerAdded := timer.AddDate(1, 2, 3)
curYear, curMonth, curDay = timerAdded.Date()
fmt.Printf("current date: %d-%02d-%02d\n", curYear, curMonth, curDay)
// 以當(dāng)前時(shí)間為基增長(zhǎng)N納秒后的時(shí)間對(duì)象 比如增長(zhǎng)了一天
timeDuration, _ := time.ParseDuration("24h")
timerAdded = timer.Add(timeDuration)
// 計(jì)算兩個(gè)時(shí)間的差值 返回的是納秒 按需求自行計(jì)算其他單位
// Duration is type of int64 and nanoseconds
timeDuration = timerAdded.Sub(timer)
fmt.Printf("days duration between %s~%s: %d\n",
timerAdded.Format(timeLayout),
timer.Format(timeLayout),
timeDuration/1000/1000/1000/24/60/60)
使用 時(shí)間字符串 / Unix Timestamp 構(gòu)建時(shí)間對(duì)象
// 使用時(shí)間串獲取時(shí)間對(duì)象
timer, _ = time.Parse(timeLayout, "2018-08-08 08:08:08")
// 使用時(shí)間串獲取時(shí)間對(duì)象 并設(shè)定時(shí)區(qū)
timer, _ = time.ParseInLocation(timeLayout, "2018-08-08 08:08:08", timeLocation)
// 使用Unix時(shí)間戳構(gòu)建時(shí)間對(duì)象
timer = time.Unix(1552368806, 0) //2019-03-12 13:33:26的Unix時(shí)間戳
fmt.Println(timer.Format(timeLayout))
獲取當(dāng)前時(shí)間是本年第幾天 本周第幾天
注意周日 的 Weekday編號(hào)為 0
// 獲取當(dāng)前時(shí)間是本年第幾天 本周第幾天
fmt.Printf("year day: %d, week day: %d\n", timer.YearDay(), timer.Weekday())
使用表征字符串轉(zhuǎn)換時(shí)間跨度
// 使用表征字符串轉(zhuǎn)換時(shí)間跨度
timeDuration, _ = time.ParseDuration("300s")
fmt.Printf("nanosecond: %d\n", timeDuration)
timeDuration, _ = time.ParseDuration("300us")
fmt.Printf("nanosecond: %d\n", timeDuration)
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