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Oracle 12.2監(jiān)聽無法啟動(dòng)解決方法

在自己的虛擬機(jī)的做實(shí)驗(yàn)，突然發(fā)現(xiàn)使用PL/SQL Developer無法連接到數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)，報(bào)錯(cuò)ORA-12514，說是監(jiān)聽沒有啟動(dòng)。

先介紹虛擬機(jī)一下環(huán)境：redhat7.2+GI 12.2.0.1+Oracle 12.2.0.1，為了測(cè)試12.2的ASM特性安裝了GI。平時(shí)監(jiān)聽程序默認(rèn)是開啟啟動(dòng)的。但是今天不知道為什么沒有啟動(dòng)。使用crsctl查看資源狀態(tài)：發(fā)現(xiàn)監(jiān)聽的狀態(tài)確實(shí)是OFFLINE狀態(tài)

[root@rhel7 .oracle]# crsstat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Name      Target State    Server          State details    
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Local Resources
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ora.DATA.dg
        ONLINE ONLINE    rhel7          STABLE
ora.LISTENER.lsnr
        ONLINE OFFLINE   rhel7          STABLE
ora.asm
        ONLINE ONLINE    rhel7          Started,STABLE
ora.ons
        OFFLINE OFFLINE   rhel7          STABLE
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cluster Resources
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ora.cssd
   1    ONLINE ONLINE    rhel7          STABLE
ora.diskmon
   1    OFFLINE OFFLINE                STABLE
ora.driver.afd
   1    ONLINE ONLINE    rhel7          STABLE
ora.evmd
   1    ONLINE ONLINE    rhel7          STABLE
ora.ora12c.db
   1    ONLINE ONLINE    rhel7          Open,HOME=/u01/app/o
                               racle/product/12.2/d
                               b_home1,STABLE
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

嘗試手動(dòng)啟動(dòng)監(jiān)聽，依然報(bào)錯(cuò)：

[grid@rhel7 ~]$ srvctl start listener
PRCR-1079 : Failed to start resource ora.LISTENER.lsnr
CRS-5016: Process "/u01/app/grid/bin/lsnrctl" spawned by agent "ORAAGENT" for action "start" failed: details at "(:CLSN00010:)" in "/u01/app/12.2/grid/diag/crs/rhel7/crs/trace/ohasd_oraagent_grid.trc"
CRS-5016: Process "/u01/app/grid/bin/lsnrctl" spawned by agent "ORAAGENT" for action "start" failed: details at "(:CLSN00010:)" in "/u01/app/12.2/grid/diag/crs/rhel7/crs/trace/ohasd_oraagent_grid.trc"
CRS-2674: Start of 'ora.LISTENER.lsnr' on 'rhel7' failed

根據(jù)提示查看trc文件，看到如下報(bào)錯(cuò)：

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 12.2.0.1.0 - Production on 15-NOV-2017 20:03:28
Copyright (c) 1991, 2016, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Starting /u01/app/grid/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...
TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 12.2.0.1.0 - Production
System parameter file is /u01/app/grid/network/admin/listener.ora
Log messages written to /u01/app/12.2/grid/diag/tnslsnr/rhel7/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=rhel7)(PORT=1521)))
Error listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
TNS-12555: TNS:permission denied
 TNS-12560: TNS:protocol adapter error
 TNS-00525: Insufficient privilege for operation
  Linux Error: 1: Operation not permitted
Listener failed to start. See the error message(s) above...

看到Insufficient privilege for operation這個(gè)字樣覺得很納悶，怎么會(huì)權(quán)限不足呢，于是嘗試用root直接啟動(dòng)監(jiān)聽，依然報(bào)錯(cuò)：

[root@rhel7 .oracle]# lsnrctl start
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 12.2.0.1.0 - Production on 15-NOV-2017 20:22:30
Copyright (c) 1991, 2016, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Starting /u01/app/grid/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...
TNS-12546: TNS:permission denied
 TNS-12560: TNS:protocol adapter error
 TNS-00516: Permission denied
  Linux Error: 13: Permission denied

于是各種百度，下面把百度到內(nèi)容列出來，可能會(huì)對(duì)看此文的同學(xué)有用，但是對(duì)我這種情況沒有用：
主要是說 /var/tmp/.oracle、/tmp/.oracle 這兩個(gè)目錄的權(quán)限訪問問題。進(jìn)入一看，我的/var/tmp/.oracle權(quán)限沒問題，而/tmp/.oracle壓根就沒有這個(gè)文件。

于是直接查MOS，看有沒有相關(guān)的文檔，找到兩篇文檔：

Starting the Listener Fails With: TNS-12557 or TNS-12555: TNS:Permission Denied (文檔 ID 343253.1)
Listener Fails To Start With IPC Permission Errors (TNS-12546 TNS-12555 TNS-00516 TNS-00525) (文檔 ID 434062.1)

對(duì)比了文檔中列出的問題，跟我的情況也不一相，看到最后發(fā)現(xiàn)這樣一句話：

4. If you find that there are no adapters linked or they have errors (such as "Permission denied") then issue a "relink all"

Reference:
Doc ID 1467060.1

于是只有用這種方法來試試了，由于crs使用的是grid home下的監(jiān)聽命令所以對(duì)grid home做relink all操作。可是又出現(xiàn)報(bào)錯(cuò)：

[grid@rhel7 bin]$ relink all
 The Oracle home in which you are running this relinking tool does not 
have proper write permissions. Please run this relink script as the same
user who owns the Oracle home and ensure that the Oracle home has the
permissions from the original installation.
 If this is a Grid Infrastructure home, please refer to the 
documentation for the proper steps to relink and apply oneoff patches.

意思是說權(quán)限不足，使用root執(zhí)行，又報(bào)錯(cuò)說不能用root執(zhí)行

[root@rhel7 bin]# relink all
The relink script cannot be run as root.

又查看grid home目錄權(quán)限

[root@rhel7 app]# ls -ld grid
total 8
drwxr-x--- 84 root  oinstall 4096 Jul 18 20:26 grid

原來owner是root，怪不得第一次執(zhí)行不成功，修改owner(應(yīng)該直接chmod也可以，這里沒有做測(cè)試)，重新執(zhí)行relink all

[root@rhel7 app]# chown grid grid
[grid@rhel7 ~]$ relink all
writing relink log to: /u01/app/grid/install/relink.log

成功后再次啟動(dòng)監(jiān)聽，啟動(dòng)成功。

[grid@rhel7 ~]$ lsnrctl start
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 12.2.0.1.0 - Production on 15-NOV-2017 20:50:59
Copyright (c) 1991, 2016, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Starting /u01/app/grid/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...
TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 12.2.0.1.0 - Production
System parameter file is /u01/app/grid/network/admin/listener.ora
Log messages written to /u01/app/12.2/grid/diag/tnslsnr/rhel7/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=rhel7)(PORT=1521)))
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=rhel7)(PORT=1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias           LISTENER
Version          TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 12.2.0.1.0 - Production
Start Date        15-NOV-2017 20:51:00
Uptime          0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec
Trace Level        off
Security         ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP           OFF
Listener Parameter File  /u01/app/grid/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File     /u01/app/12.2/grid/diag/tnslsnr/rhel7/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
 (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=rhel7)(PORT=1521)))
 (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
The listener supports no services
The command completed successfully

至次問題解決。

總結(jié)

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